Abstract

This comprehensive review synthesizes chronobiology, endocrine science, and contemplative practice timing to propose a testable framework linking the pre-dawn endocrine milieu (melatonin decline, circadian cortisol ascent, and the Cortisol Awakening Response) with staged contemplative activation of expanded Sri Amit Ray 114-chakra system. We summarize hormonal timing in the Brahma Muhurta window, discuss interindividual variability in CAR and circadian rhythms, present a translational 48-minute practice protocol, and outline empirical measures (salivary cortisol, melatonin, HRV, and EEG) for validating physiological–phenomenological mappings between endocrine state and multi-stage chakra experiences.

The Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR), a transient surge in cortisol secretion occurring 30–45 minutes post-awakening, serves as a pivotal regulator of diurnal energy mobilization, cognitive alertness, and stress adaptation [5]. As the highest glucocorticoid pulse, it exemplifies phasic rhythm driving in circadian biology [24]. Rooted in endocrine-circadian interactions, this response aligns temporally with Brahma Muhurta, the pre-dawn period in Ayurvedic tradition, coinciding with shifts in melatonin and serotonin levels [1][24].

This review elucidates mechanistic intersections: how leveraging CAR during Brahma Muhurta amplifies neuroendocrine benefits, enhances neuroplasticity, and mitigates chronic stress pathologies. Drawing from chronobiology, endocrinology, neuroscience, and Ayurveda, we propose a model where timed meditative interventions modulate hormonal dynamics as zeitgebers or tuners, fostering resilience. Empirical gaps and trials are highlighted, advocating for translational research.

Keywords: Cortisol Awakening Response, Brahma Muhurta, Circadian Rhythm, Melatonin, Serotonin, Meditation, Ayurveda